english lesson(ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY AND WH QUESTION)

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

AND

WH QUESTION

CREATED BY:

1.    Rosalinda

2.    Rizky nugraha

3.    M. Yusuf

PROGRAM STUDY DIPLOMA III KEPERAWATAN

STIKES MUHAMMADIYAH PALEMBANG

TAHUN AKADEMIK 2014/2015

KATA PENGANTAR

      Puji syukur kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena berkat taufik serta hidayah-Nya, makalah ini dapat terselesaikan pada waktunya. Makalah ini merupakan makalah tentang Bahasa Inggris yang bermanfaat bagi Mahasiswa/I Akper maupun para pembaca umum.

      Makalah ini sendiri di buat guna memenuhi salah satu tugas kuliah dari dosen mata kuliah Bahasa Inggris dengan judul “ Adverbs of frequency”.

      Namun, penulis menyadari jika ada kekurangan dari hasil makalah ini. Penulis  mengharapkan  kritik dan saran yang membangun dari berbagai pihak yang telah membaca makalah ini. Semoga tulisan ini memberi informasi yang berguna bagi peningkatan dan pengembangan di bidang bahasa asing.

      Semoga Allah SWT memberikan balasan yang setimpal atas bimbingan serta arahan yang telah di berikan pada penulis. Akhirnya, penulis mengucapkan Terimah Kasih dan semoga saja makalah ini dapat bermanfaat bagi kita semua. Amin

Palembang,     Desember 2014

Penulis

CHAPTER II

PEMBAHASAN

A.  Adverbs of Frequency

What is an adverb of frequency?

Adverbs that change or qualify the meaning of a sentence by telling us how often or how frequently something happens are defined as adverbs of frequency.

An adverb of frequency is exactly what it sounds like – an adverb of time. Adverbs of frequency always describe how often something occurs, either in definite or indefinite terms. An adverb that describes definite frequency is one such as weekly, daily, or yearly. An adverb describing indefinite frequency doesn’t specify an exact time frame; examples are sometimes, often, and rarely.

These simple rules for adverbs of frequency will help you to use them correctly:

Always use adverbs of frequency to discuss how often something happens.

• Adverbs of frequency are often used to indicate routine or repeated activities, so they are often used with the present simple tense.
• If a sentence has only one verb, place the adverb of frequency in the middle of the sentence so that it is positioned after the subject but before the verb. For example: Tom never flies. He always takes the bus.
• When a sentence contains more than one verb, place the adverb of frequency before the main verb. For example: They have often visited Europe.
• When using an adverb of frequency in the negative or in forming a question, place it before the main verb. For example: Do you usually get up so late?

Examples of Adverbs of Frequency

Each sentence contains an example of an adverb of frequency; the examples are italicized for easy identification.

The incubator turns each egg hourly.

We take a vacation at least once annually.

I usually shop for groceries on Saturday mornings.

He is often late for work.

We seldom see John.

My dentist told me I should floss twice daily.

B. Adverbs of Frequency List

This list of adverbs of frequency contains many of the most common; keep in mind though that there are many other words which can serve in this capacity.

Always

Annually

Constantly

Daily

Eventually

Ever

Frequently

Generally

Hourly

Infrequently

Later

Monthly

Never

Next

Nightly

Normally

Now

Occasionally

Often

Quarterly

Rarely

Sometimes

Today

Tonight

Yearly

Yesterday

Adverbs of indefinite frequency tell us how often something happens.

Common examples are:   always, ever, usually, normally, often, frequently, seldom, never

a. I am never late for school.

b. Have you ever been to the US?

c. I often sleep late.

Position of Adverbs

Adverbs of indefinite frequency go in mid position. They are normally placed after the auxiliary verbs and before other verbs. When there are two auxiliary verbs, the adverb goes after the first.

Examples:

a. I always get up early.    (adverb + main verb)

b. I am seldom late for work.    (is/am/are/was/were + adverb)

c. We frequently visit them.    (adverb + main verb)

d. I often read comics.    (adverb + main verb)

e. I have never seen a dolphin.    (auxiliary verb + adverb + main verb)

NOTES:

1. Usually, normally, often, frequently, sometimes and occasionally can also go at the beginning or end of a clause.

Examples:

a. We visit them occasionally.

b. Often we trust the wrong person.

2. Always, ever, rarely*, seldom* and never can go only in mid position.

Examples:

a. They never admitted their fault.

b. You can always trust him.

However, always and never can begin imperative clauses.

Examples:

a. Always look before you leap.

b. Never ask her about her age.

3. Rarely and seldom can also go at the end of a sentence (often with "very"):

Examples:

a. We see them rarely.

b. John eats meat very seldom.

C. WH Question Words We use question words to ask certain types of questions (question word questions). We often refer to them as WH words because they include the letters WH (for example WHy, HoW). Question Word Function Example what asking for information about something What is your name? asking for repetition or confirmation What? I can't hear you. You did what? what...for asking for a reason, asking why What did you do that for? when asking about time When did he leave? where asking in or at what place or position Where do they live? which asking about choice Which colour do you want? who asking what or which person or people (subject) Who opened the door? whom asking what or which person or people (object) Whom did you see? whose asking about ownership Whose are these keys? Whose turn is it? why asking for reason, asking what...for Why do you say that? why don't making a suggestion Why don't I help you? how asking about manner How does this work? asking about condition or quality How was your exam? how + adj/adv asking about extent or degree see examples below how far distance How far is Pattaya from Bangkok? how long length (time or space) How long will it take? how many quantity (countable) How many cars are there? how much quantity (uncountable) How much money do you have? how old age How old are you? how come (informal) asking for reason, asking why How come I can't see her?

 The list  Of Wh- Question

1. What (apa)
Menanyakan nama benda, nama orang atau jenis profesi.
Contoh:
~ What is that? That is an apple.
~ What are you? I am a soldier.
~ What is your name? My name is Ivanka.

2. Who (siapa)
Menanyakan orang sebagai pelaku/subject.
Memiliki rumus khusus:
Who + verb + O ? atau Who + to be + S ?
Contoh:
~ Who are you? I am Joko Pinurbo.
~ Who writes the letter? Martin does.
~ Who is very beautiful? Agnes Monica is very beautiful.

3  Whom (siapa)
Menanyakan orang sebagai object.
Contoh:
Whom do you meet? I meet Inul Daratista.
Whom is she looking for? She is looking for Brian Safina.

4. Whose (milik siapa)
Menanyakan pemilik suatu benda.
Contoh:
~ Whose bag is this? This is my bag.
~ Whose sister is the girl? She is my sister.

5. Why (mengapa)
Menanyakan alasan atau penyebab terjadinya sesuatu.
Contoh:
~ Why do you come late? Because I missed the bus this morning.
~ Why is Mrs. Julia very healthy? Because she does sport every morning.
~ Why do you love me? Because you are very rich.

6.  Where (di mana)
Menanyakan tempat.
Contoh:
~ Where does Alicia study? She studies in SMPN 03 Wonogiri.
~ Where do you go every day? I go to school every day.
~ Where is the library? The library is beside the hall.

7. When (kapan)
Menanyakan waktu.
Contoh:
~ When does Alfian get up? He gets up at five o’clock every morning.
~ When did you go to Eromoko? I go to Eromoko last week.
~ When do you go to school? I go to school at 06.30.

8. Which (yang mana)
Menanyakann pilihan.
Contoh:
~ Which is your car? My car is the red one.
~ Which is his sister? His sister is the girl in blue jacket.

9. How (bagaimana)
Menanyakan kondisi atau keadaan.
Contoh:
~ How are you? I’m fine. Thanks.
~ How is Reyna’s school? Her school is large and clean.

10  How many (berapa banyak)
Menanyakan jumlah (jika yang ditanyakan berupa countable nouns/kata benda yang bisa dihitung).
Contoh:
~ How many students are there in the class? There are forty students.
~ How many brother do you have? I have three brothers.

11. How much (berapa banyak)
Menanyakan jumlah (jika yang ditanyakan berupa uncountable nouns/kata benda yang tak bisa dihitung).
Contoh:
~ How much money does it cost? It costs one thousand rupiah.
~ How much sugar do you want? A spoon of sugar, please.

12. How often (berapa sering)
Menanyakan seberapa sering orang melakukan sesuatu.
Contoh:
~ How often does Anita go to Malaysia? She goes to Malaysia twice a week.
~ How often do you speak to your father? I speak to him every day.
Bisa juga menggunakan How many times.
How many times do you eat? I eat three times a day.

13  How far (berapa jauh)
Menanyakan jarak suatu tempat dengan tempat lainnya.
Contoh:
~ How far is this school from your house? It’s about 5 kilometers.

14. How old (berapa umur/usia)
Menanyakan usia seseorang.
Contoh:
~ How old are you? I am 20 years old.
~ How old is Mrs. Riana? She is 37 years old.

15. How long (berapa lama)
Menanyakan lama waktu.
Contoh:
~ How long have you lived in Jogja? I have lived in Jogja for Five years.

16. How deep (berapa dalam)
~ How deep is the river? It’s about five meters.
~ How deep can he dive? He can dive 20 meters deep.

17. How tall (berapa tinggi)
Menanyakan tinggi orang.
Contoh:
~ How tall are you? I am 165 cm tall.
~ How tall is Mr. Jack? He is 189 cm tall.

18.  How high (berapa tinggi)
Menanyakan tinggi suatu benda.
Contoh:
~ How high is the mountain? It’s about 3686 meters high.
~ How high is the tree? It’s about 4 meters high.

CHAPTER III

Conclusion

Use adverbs of frequency to say how often you do something. Adverbs of frequency are often used with the present simple because they indicate repeated or routine activities. For example always, usually, sometimes, ever, never, rarely and seldom.

A term in generative grammar for a question that is formed with an interrogative word (what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, or how) and that expects an answer other than "yes" or "no." Contrast with yes-no question

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

  http://ndekedewek.blogspot.com

  http://www.sil.org

  http://iisk1.blogspot.com

 http://abanx-gian.blogspot.com/2012/07/makalah-bahasa-inggris-tentang-noun.htmls